Abstract
Citation
Crawford PB, Obarzanek E, Morrison J, Sabry ZI. Comparative advantage of 3-day food records over 24-hour recall and 5-day food frequency validated by observation of 9- and 10-year-old girls. J Am Diet Assoc 1994 Jun;94(6):626-30.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The validity of the 24-hour recall, 3-day food record, and 5-day food frequency was assessed to decide on a dietary assessment method for the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Growth and Health Study. DESIGN: All subjects were assigned to one of three dietary assessment methods. Unobtrusive observers recorded types and amounts of foods eaten during lunch, and these were compared with the foods reported by the girls in the study. SETTING: School lunchrooms in California and Ohio. SUBJECTS: 58 girls, aged 9 and 10 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Reporting errors for dietary assessment methods. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED: Descriptive statistics, matched pair t tests, and Spearman correlation coefficients. RESULTS: Comparison of the intakes of energy and selected macronutrients showed different ranges of, and median percentage absolute errors for, each dietary assessment method. Percentage absolute errors ranged between 20 and 33 for the 5-day food frequency method; 19 and 39 for the 24-hour recall; and 12 and 22 for the 3-day food record. The proportion of missing foods (ie, observed food items not reported) and phantom foods (ie, reported food items not observed) by each method were 46% and 40%, respectively, for the 5-day food frequency; 30% and 33%, respectively, for the 24-hour recall; and 25% and 10%, respectively, for the 3-day food record. APPLICATIONS/CONCLUSIONS: Errors in food reporting and quantification can vary with the type of dietary methodology. Agreement between observed and reported intakes from 3-day food records made it the best overall choice. On this basis, it was selected as the method of assessment for the NHLBI Growth and Health Study.
Full Text
The full text is available at https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-8223(94)90158-9
At A Glance
Individual Dietary Behavior Variables
Intake |
---|
Total Energy/Energy Density |
Macronutrients, including Saturated Fat |
Cholesterol |
Domain(s)
Individual Dietary Behavior
Measure Type
24-hour dietary recall
Measure Availability
Not reported
Number of Items
Not applicable
Study location
Metro/Urban
USA
Inner-city San Francisco Bay area and Cincinatti suburb
Languages
English
Information about Development of Measure
Nothing to add
Study Design
Study Participants
Age
6 - 11 Years
Sex
Female
Race/Ethnicity
White
Black/African American
Predominantly Low-income/Low-SES
Not reported
Sample Size
19
Study Design
Design Type
Validation/Reliability
Health Outcomes Assessed
None
Obesity Measures
Not applicable
BMI Measured or Self-reported
Not applicable
Covariates
Not reported
Data Reported on Race/Ethnicity
Qualitative description
Data Reported on SES
Not applicable
SES-related Variables
Not applicable
How To Use
Administration
Who Administered
Researcher-administered
How Administered
In-person
Time Required
Not reported
Training Required
Not reported
Instructions on Use
Not reported
Data Analysis
Data Collection/Analysis Costs
Not available
Data Collection/Protocol
Not available
Instructions on Data Analysis
Not reported
Validity (9)
Type of validity | Construct/subscale assessed | Criterion measure used | Test/statistic used | Result |
---|---|---|---|---|
Criterion | Carbohydrate | Observed lunch intake | Spearman Correlation Coefficients | 0.46 |
Criterion | Fat | Observed lunch intake | Spearman Correlation Coefficients | 0.57 |
Criterion | Energy, protein, carbohydrate, fat, saturated fat, cholesterol | Observed lunch intake | Median percentage absolute error (PAE) | Range: 19-39% |
Criterion | Energy | Observed lunch intake | Spearman Correlation Coefficients | 0.57 |
Criterion | Protein | Observed lunch intake | Spearman Correlation Coefficients | 0.61 |
Criterion | Cholesterol | Observed lunch intake | Spearman Correlation Coefficients | 0.74 |
Criterion | Phantom foods | Observed lunch intake | Median percentage of reported foods not observed | 33 |
Criterion | Missing foods | Observed lunch intake | Median percentage of observed foods not reported | 30 |
Criterion | Saturated fat | Observed lunch intake | Spearman Correlation Coefficients | 0.79 |
Reliability (0)
There are no reliability tests reported for this measure.