Abstract
Citation
Sallis JF, Kerr J, Carlson JA, Norman GJ, Saelens BE, Durant N, Ainsworth BE. Evaluating a brief self-report measure of neighborhood environments for physical activity research and surveillance: Physical Activity Neighborhood Environment Scale (PANES). J Phys Act Health 2010 Jul;7(4):533-40.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Neighborhood environment attributes of walkability and access to recreation facilities have been related to physical activity and weight status, but most self-report environment measures are lengthy. The 17-item PANES (Physical Activity Neighborhood Environment Scale) was developed to be comprehensive but brief enough for use in multipurpose surveys. The current study evaluated test-retest and alternate-form reliability of PANES items compared with multi-item subscales from the longer NEWS-A (Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale--Abbreviated). METHODS: Participants were 291 adults recruited from neighborhoods that varied in walkability in 3 US cities. Surveys were completed twice with a 27-day interval. RESULTS: Test-retest ICCs for PANES items ranged from .52 to .88. Spearman correlations for the PANES single item vs NEWS-A subscale comparisons ranged from .27 to .81 (all P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: PANES items related to land use mix, residential density, pedestrian infrastructure, aesthetic qualities, and safety from traffic and crime were supported by correlations with NEWS-A subscales. Access to recreation facilities and street connectivity items were not supported. The brevity of PANES allows items to be included in studies or surveillance systems to expand knowledge about neighborhood environments.
Full Text
The full text is available at https://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.7.4.533
At A Glance
Physical Activity Environment Variables
| # | Type of Environment/Location |
|---|---|
| - | Recreational Facility/Area |
| - | Transportation Infrastructure |
| # | Scale |
|---|---|
| - | Building |
| - | Neighborhood |
| - | Trail/path/corridor |
| Measure | objective | perceived |
|---|---|---|
| Crime/Safety | ✔ | ✘ |
| Pedestrian/Traffic Safety | ✔ | ✘ |
| Cycling Infrastructure | ✔ | ✘ |
| Population/Housing Density | ✔ | ✘ |
| Pedestrian Infrastructure | ✔ | ✘ |
Domain(s)
Physical Activity Environment
Measure Type
Questionnaire
Measure Availability
Measure included in article
Number of Items
17 Reported
Study location
Metro/Urban
Cincinnati, San Diego, Boston, Ohio, California, Massachusetts
Languages
English
Information about Development of Measure
Physical Activity Neighborhood Environment Scale (PANES) was developed for the International Prevalence Study of Physical Activity (IPS). Each PANES item assesses a built or social environment attribute shown in previous studies to be related to physical activity for recreation, or transportation, or hypothesized to be related to physical activity. Items were taken or adapted from previously evaluated surveys of neighborhood environments.
Study Design
Study Participants
Age
Adults
Sex
Female
Male
Race/Ethnicity
White
Non-white
Predominantly Low-income/Low-SES
No
Sample Size
232
Study Design
Design Type
Validation/Reliability
Health Outcomes Assessed
None
Obesity Measures
Not reported
BMI Measured or Self-reported
Not reported
Covariates
Not reported
Data Reported on Race/Ethnicity
Quantitative data on study sample
Data Reported on SES
Quantitative data on study sample
SES-related Variables
Income
Education
How To Use
Administration
Who Administered
Self-administered
How Administered
In-person
Email/postal mail
Time Required
Not reported
Training Required
Not reported
Instructions on Use
Instructions on instrument use included in article
Data Analysis
Data Collection/Analysis Costs
Not available
Data Collection/Protocol
Recruitment was conducted in selected neighborhoods within cities that varied in walkability (number of destinations to walk to, residential density and number of street intersections) and household income. Recruitment methods included mail and telephone contact of potential participants identified by a commercial marketing firm and in-person contact through schools, community events, and recreation facilities. Most participants completed the same survey at 2 time points. Average time between completions was 27 days
Instructions on Data Analysis
Instructions on analysis included in article
Validity (0)
There are no validity tests reported for this measure.
Reliability (4)
| Type of reliability | Construct/subscale assessed | Test/statistic used | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| Inter-instrument | Alternate-form reliability of Physical Activity Neighborhood Environment Scale items with Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale Abbreviated (NEWS-A) items | Spearman correlations | r = 0.27 to 0.81, p = 0.01 for all |
| Test-retest | Physical Activity Neighborhood Environment Scale (PANES) items | Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) | ICC = 0.52 to 0.88 |
| Test-retest | Physical Activity Neighborhood Environment Scale (PANES) items | Cohen's Kappa | k = 0.35 to 0.70 |
| Test-retest | Physical Activity Neighborhood Environment Scale (PANES) items | Percent agreement | 74% to 93% |